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Grammar 第一部分詞法篇 動詞 專題1動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題2非謂語動詞專題3情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣 PART1 高頻考點清單 PART2 重溫高考真題 PART3 熱考點集訓 專題3情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣 PART4 綜合演練 PART1 高頻考點清單 框架結構圖 情態(tài)動詞的核心考點 1 can could和beableto的用法 1 can和beableto都表示能力 意思上沒多大區(qū)別 但can只有現(xiàn)在和過去時 而beableto則有更多的形式 但當成功地完成某一具體動作時 通常不用could而用was wereableto來表示 這時was wereableto相當于managedto 表示經(jīng)過一番努力 終于能夠完成某事 HermothercanspeakFrench Thewoundedmanwasstillabletogettothevillageandwassavedbythevillagersintheend 2 can could表示猜測 可能 一般用于疑問句和否定句 Canthenewsbetrue Itcan tbetrue Someoneisknockingatthedoor Whocoulditbe 3 can可以表示理論上的可能性 指常有的行為或情形 意為 有時會 Anybodycanmakemistakes 4 表示請求 允許 表請求時 口語中常用could代替can使語氣更委婉 回答時用can CanIgonow CouldIetoseeyoutomorrow Yes youcan 否定答語可用No I mafraidnot 5 表示驚異 懷疑 不相信的態(tài)度 主要用于否定句 疑問句或感嘆句中 Howcanthatbetrue Ican tbelievemyeyesandears Howcouldyoubesocareless 6 can的特殊用法 canbut只好 can tbut不得不 can t too再 也不為過 越 越好Icanbutwait Ican tbutwait Youcan tbetoopatienttothecustomers 2 may和might的用法 1 表示允許 請求 might比may的語氣更委婉一些 MayIwatchTVnow Yes youmay Yes please No youmustn t No you dbetternot 2 表示可能性時 might比may的可能性小 may表示的可能性比can小 主要用于陳述句 肯定或否定句 疑問句用can代替 Thestorymaynotbetrue 3 表示祝愿 不用might Mayyousucceed 4 may mightaswell最好還是 不妨Youmightaswelldoitnow 5 may mightwell很可能Hemaywellbelateforclass 3 must haveto和oughtto的用法 1 must 表示 必須 應該 一定要 強調主觀看法 只有現(xiàn)在時形式 否定式是mustnot mustn t must開頭的問句 其否定回答要用needn t或don thaveto來表達 Wemustdoitnow MustIhandinthepapertoday Yes youneed must No youneedn t don thaveto 表示必然的結果 Allmenmustdie 還可表示主語固執(zhí) 偏要做他人不希望做的事 Itcan thelp hemustdothat 2 haveto著重客觀需要 能用于更多時態(tài) 過去時或將來時 Hewillhavetobetherebeforeten 3 oughtto表示義務和責任 意為 應該 比should語氣要強 Yououghttotakecareofyourself 4 need和dare的用法 1 need表示 需要 必要 只能用于否定句和疑問句 在肯定句中 常用must和haveto代替 Youdon tneedtodoitatonce NeedIe 2 dare表示 敢 通常用于否定句 疑問句和條件狀語從句中 Idaren taskherforarise Dareyougohomealoneatelevenintheevening Ifyoudarespeaktomelikethatagain you llbesorry 3 need和dare的特殊用法 need表 需要 時 可用want require代替 Thedeskneedsrepairing toberepaired Thedeskwants requiresrepairing toberepaired dare作實義動詞時 在肯定句中要接to 在疑問句和否定句中to可省去 Hedarestocatchasnake Idonotdare to plain Doyoudare to swimintheriver 5 will和would的用法 1 will 表示請求 建議 常用于第二人稱 Willyoupleasegowithme 表示意愿 決定 允許 Iwillneverdothatagain 表示習慣性動作或某種傾向 意為 總是 慣于 通常用于第三人稱 Rosawillalwaysbelateforschool 2 would 表示請求 建議 比will委婉 指現(xiàn)在時間 多用于第二人稱 Wouldyoulikeacupoftea 表示過去習慣性動作或某種傾向 WewouldplaybadmintononSundays 6 shall和should的用法 1 shall用于第一 三人稱 在問句中表示征求對方意見或請求 ShallIein Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital 用于第二 三人稱的陳述句中 表示命令 允諾或威脅 Youshalldoasyourfathersays HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading Heshallbepunished 2 should 表示責任 義務 意為 應該 Youshouldlistentoyourdoctor sadvice 表示驚訝語氣 意為 竟然 Youshouldwearslippersinclass 用于條件句 表示 假如 萬一 省去if should可提至句首 Shouldyoubelate apologizetotheteacher 7 情態(tài)動詞表示推測或判斷的用法 情態(tài)動詞 havedone的用法 1 shouldhavedone表示 本來應該做某事而實際上未做 而shouldn thavedone則表示 本不應該做某事而實際上做了 Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier Youshouldn thavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents 2 oughttohavedone表示 本應該做某事而實際上未做 而oughtnottohavedone則意為 本不應該做某事而實際上做了 Yououghttohavetoldmeaboutitearlier Yououghtnottohavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents 3 needn thavedone表示 本無必要做某事而實際上做了 Youneedn thavewalkedsoquicklysincetimewasenough 4 couldhavedone表示 本來有可能做某事而事實上未做到 Icouldhaveeontime butmycarbrokedownontheway 5 may mighthavedone表示 過去可能發(fā)生過某事 或 本來應該 可以做某事 實際上沒做 Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp butyouweresobusy 虛擬語氣的核心考點 1 虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句 1 表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設 條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時 be動詞用were 而主句中的謂語動詞用 would should could might 動詞原形 IfIwereyou Iwouldbuythathouse Ifhehadtime heshouldgowithyou 2 表示與過去事實相反的假設 條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時 主句中的謂語動詞則用 would should might could have 過去分詞 Ifhehadtakenmyadvice hewouldhavesucceededinpassingtheexamination 3 表示與將來事實相反的假設 條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時或 should wereto 動詞原形 而主句中的謂語動詞則用 would should could might 動詞原形 Ifitrained shouldrain weretoraintomorrow thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff 4 當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時 動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作相應調整 Iftheyhadworkedhard theywouldbeverytirednow 從句說的是過去 主句指的是現(xiàn)在 2 虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句 1 虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用 wish 賓語從句 表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望 譯為 要是 就好了 表示現(xiàn)在沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望 從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時 be動詞用were 表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望 從句中的謂語動詞用 would could 動詞原形 表示過去未能實現(xiàn)的愿望 從句中的謂語動詞用 had 過去分詞 Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround IwishIhadknowntheanswer IwishIcouldflylikeabird 在表示 建議 要求 命令 等動詞后的賓語從句中 謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 should可以省略 常見的這類動詞有 suggest advise propose demand require insist request mand order等 Shesuggestedwe should leavehereatonce Thedoctororderedshe should beoperatedon 2 虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用 表示 建議 要求 命令 等的名詞 如advice idea order demand plan proposal suggestion request等 其后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 should可以省略 Hissuggestionthatwe should gotoShanghaiiswonderful Myideaisthatthey should pay100dollars 3 虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用 在主語從句中 謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用 should 動詞原形 的結構 表示驚奇 不相信或理應如此等 Itisnecessarythatwe should cleantheroomeveryday Itwasapity ashamethatyou should besocareless Itwillbedesiredthatshe should finishherhomeworkthisafternoon 注意 這種從句表示的是事實 如果人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感 就可用虛擬語氣 反之 如果不表示驚奇等情感 that從句也可用陳述語氣 Itisapitythatyoucan tswim 3 虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用 1 虛擬語氣在asif though evenif though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中 如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去 用過去完成時 指現(xiàn)在狀況 則用一般過去時 be動詞用were 指將來狀況 則用would could might 動詞原形 Hespokeasifhehadknownit Youlookasifyoudidn tcare Evenifshewerehere shecouldnotsolvetheproblem 2 虛擬語氣用于句型 Itis high time that 中 從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時 be用were 或 should 動詞原形 should不可省略 意為 現(xiàn)在 該 It stimethatIpickedup shouldpickupmydaughter 3 虛擬語氣用在ifonly引導的感嘆句中 對現(xiàn)在的虛擬用一般過去時 be用were 對過去的虛擬用過去完成時 IfonlyIwereapilot IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice 4 虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用 情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時 表示說話人謙虛 客氣 有禮貌或語氣委婉 常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中 Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate Wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor 用于一些習慣表達法中 Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink Iwouldrathernottellyou 5 wouldrather虛擬語氣的用法 wouldrathersb didsth 是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬 wouldrathersb haddonesth 是對過去的虛擬 書面表達中情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣易錯點聚焦 1 表達的單調性例如在寫一封回信向好友表達建議時 重復使用Youshould 既顯得單調 同時強硬的語氣影響了交際效果 我們可以靈活多樣地表達建議 如You dbetter Youmightaswell Whynot 等 2 情態(tài)動詞搭配錯誤 誤 You dnotbetterquarrelwithyourneighborswhateverhappens 正 You dbetternotquarrelwithyourneighborswhateverhappens NeedItellhimeverythingthathashappenedtohisfather 誤 Yes youneed 正 Yes youmust 誤 TheKingwassohot temperedthatnoonedaredtellhimthebadnews 正 TheKingwassohot temperedthatnoonedare daredto tellhimthebadnews PART2 重溫高考真題 單句語法填空Ican tfindmypurse I leave itinthesupermarketyesterday butI mnotsure 2018 天津 答案 解析 解析句意為 我找不到我的錢包了 昨天我有可能把它落到超市里了 但我不確定 根據(jù)句中時間狀語yesterday可知 是對過去發(fā)生事情的推測 故用 情態(tài)動詞 havedone 再根據(jù)后句butI mnotsure可知 此推測為不能肯定的推測 故用could mighthavedone could mighthaveleft 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 1 Asakid Ilovedtowatchcartoons butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem myparentswouldnottoletme 2018 全國 答案 解析 解析would not 表示 意愿 時后面直接跟動詞原形 故把to刪除 1 2 3 4 2 Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers 2016 浙江 答案 解析 解析根據(jù)語境可知 此處是描述的過去的一種習慣 故用woulddo表示 過去常常做 wouldhavedone表示對過去事情的假設 意為 本來會做 1 2 3 4 3 Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby 2016 全國 或Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby 答案 解析 解析suggest表示 建議 時 后面的賓語從句的謂語動詞要用shoulddo形式 should可以省略 故答案有兩種改法 should 1 2 3 4 4 Wemustfoundwaystoprotectourenvironment 2015 全國 find 解析情態(tài)動詞后面要接動詞原形 1 2 3 4 答案 解析 PART3 熱考點集訓 單句語法填空1 Idon tknowwheresheis shebeinWuhan 2 Theroadiswet Ithaverainedlastnight 3 Youbepunishedifyoucheatintheexam 4 Don tworry I vejustsentanambulancetoyou Theybethereanysecond 5 Ihavegonetotheschoollibrary butitrainedheavily soIdidnot 查看答案 may must should shall 題組一情態(tài)動詞集訓 should 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 1 Youhadbetternottohavestayedthere butyoudid 2 Mypunishmentlastedayear Meanwhile IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoyslast Myattitudechangedfromthenon 3 Ihavebeenpractisingforthreeweeksnow butIstillcouldn tgetusedtoit infact I venearlykilledthreepeople could might 查看答案 could might 4 Thankyouforallyouhavedoneforme Mom thoughImayoftensayit Idoloveyou 5 Judgingfromwhatyousaid heoughtsucceed not 查看答案 to 單句語法填空1 Hewalkedinasifhe buy theschool AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity 2 Ifyou tell methenewsyesterday Iwouldn tbesoworriednow 3 Sorry Iamtoobusynow IfI have time Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou 4 Hewasverybusyyesterday otherwisehe e totheparty 查看答案 hadbought had hadtold 題組二虛擬語氣集訓 wouldhavee 5 It stimethatourgovernment take measurestoimprovethequalityofthebuildings 6 MrLiinsistedthatthesportsmeeting put offbecauseofthebadweather 查看答案 took shouldtake should beput 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 1 IfIwas10yearsyounger Iwouldstartalloveragain 2 Ifwehadenoughrainlastyear wecouldhavegainedagoodharvest 3 WasItobeateacherinthefuture firstofall Iwouldtrymybesttogivestudentslessons were 查看答案 Were had 4 Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry butI dratherhefocusesmoreonitsculture 5 Thechairmandemandedthatpeoplepresentmadeeveryefforttoprotectthepolarbearagainstdyingout focused 查看答案 make 查看答案 語法填空 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣專練 Lucyisanoutgoinglady She1 playmanykindsofmusicalinstruments Actually she2 playthepianowhenshewas8yearsold Lucyalsokeepstakingexerciseeveryday Shesaysthatshehastodosomesportsbecauseshe3 keepslim You4 getfatsoonifyoudon ttakeexerciseeveryday Sheusuallysaystoherfriends Asforher anelegantladyshouldtrytokeepfit However lastweek shefoundthatshe5 putonweightandherhusbandsuggestedthatshe6 loseweight Andthesedaysshe dratherthatshe7 take moreexerciseeveryday However sheisalwayslackingintimebecauseshehastotakecareofherchildren can could must shall might should took Onenightaftersupper shewalkedquicklyinordertogodancingattheTomorrowParkandshewaslate Onherway shethoughtthatthedancingmust8 begin andthecoach9 havetaughtorshownmanynewmoves Shewasafraidthatherfriendsmight10 leave beforeshegotthere Shewasregretfulthen She11 havehadsupperearlier orshecouldhavetakenataxi andindeedsheneedn t12 take abathinadvance Whenshereachedtheparkfinally shefoundnobodywasthere Sherememberedsuddenlythatithadbeenreportedontheradiothattherewouldbeaheavyrainthatnight 查看答案 havebegun could haveleft should havetaken PART4 綜合演練 詞法篇 動詞 單句語法填空 一 1 Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway she fall overthehillanddied 2 Nervousandanxious Jillfailed make agoodimpressionatthejobinterview 3 Theyoungfirefighterinsistedthathe be well preparedandshouldbesenttheretoputoutthefire 4 Asthedeadlineisdrawingnear nooneleavewithhisownworkunpleted 查看答案 fell tomake shall was 5 I watch TValoneinthelivingroomwhenIsuddenlyheardacrackupstairs 6 Tohissurprise Jackfoundhisson dress asSantaClausonChristmasEve 7 IstillremembermyhappychildhoodwhenmymothertakemetoDisneylandatweekends 8 Atayoungage he move toSpainandnowplaysprofessionallyfortheFCBarcelona 查看答案 waswatching dressed moved would 9 make iteasiertogetintouchwithus you dbetterkeepthiscardathand 10 Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation orthey e toourhelp 11 AccordingtoCharlesKeeling theamountofcarbondioxide increase sharplyandsteadilyoverthefortyyearsbetween1957and1997 12 YoubegintounderstandhowChinesespeakershavetheirthoughts organize andhowtheyunderstandthings 查看答案 Tomake wouldhavee organized increased 13 Itisrequiredbylawthatadrivingtest take beforeamangetsalicense 14 Whenyouphonedme Iwashavingameeting howIwishI answer yourcall 15 Theymadeuptheirmindsthatthey buy anewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs 16 Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks noagreement reach sofarbythetwosides 17 Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution I dlikeyoutolookatastudy conduct inAustralialastyear 查看答案 should betaken hadanswered hasbeenreached wouldbuy conducted 18 TheheartwarmingstorybeganinSeptemberlastyearwhenawomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhood accept hersix year oldson 19 It struethatourfuture determine bymanythings 20 raise inthepoorestareaofGlasgow hehadalong hardroadtobeingafootballstar 查看答案 toaccept isdetermined Raised 二 21 Theparentsweredelightedtofindthatthehousework do bytheirsonindependently 22 It ssaidthattheseregulationsweremade protect children 23 IshouldnothavelaughedifI think youwereserious 24 Whensomewastechemicals put intothesea itcanhurtorkillanimalsandfish 25 bite twice thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdogup 查看答案 hadbeendone toprotect areput hadthought Havingbeenbitten 26 Scientistshavediscoveredthat stay inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight 27 Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleI cause forher Butsherefused 28 Animalsthatareabletocopysoundsmayenjoy practice newsounds Whentheyarekeptoutsideoftheirnaturalenvironment theymaycopyunusualsounds 查看答案 staying hadcaused practicing 29 AmajoraccidentinsouthernSwedenhappenedtoday It sreportedthatthisafternoonashipcrashedintoabridge Unluckily sevencarsandsixtrucksaresaid fall intothewater 30 Itisanactivity hold byanAmericancharityorganization 31 Nophysicalcausecould find Finallythedoctorsaidtotheman Unlessyoutellmewhat sonyourconscience Ican thelpyou 32 Thisallowedpeople have adayortwooutnowandthen whichgavethematasteforleisureandseaside 查看答案 tohavefallen held tohave befound 33 MrsWooMeiFongsaidthatherhusbandhadjustleftforworkwhenshe feel thatherhousewasmoving Sheranoutsideatoncewithherchildren 34 Inthespring snow melt andtheworkersstartworkingagain 35 Anxiously shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton only find itdidn tfit 36 Inmostcases ahealthydietcanhelpyoudecreasetheriskof get somediseaseslikediabetesandcancer 37 Heagreedtooursuggestionthatwe put onaplayattheEnglishEvening 查看答案 felt melts getting tofind should put 38 Itisreportedthathisnewbook publish bythatpanynextyear 39 Thoughtheydidalltheycould help them timesweretoughforthem 40 Itremains see whetheryoucangetabettereducation evenifyouareinaprivatehighschool 查看答案 willbepublished tohelp tobeseen 三 41 Hedrovein parked and hurry hometogotobed 42 InthemovieAfterEarth WillSmith scharacter say Fearisnotreal Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate 43 Ifit turn coldagain they lldivebackdown 44 Ilearnedthathewas21yearsold study AsianliteratureandhistoryatSydneyUniversity 45 Startinganewschooltermisalwaysexciting Itisachance see yourfriendsagain 查看答案 hurried says studying turns tosee 46 stress toeveryonetheimportanceandvalueofthesehistoricsites thegovernmenthasstrengthenedregulationstoprotectthem 47 I think aboutwhatyou vesaidandI vedecidedtotakeyouradvice 48 IwonderedwhyJohnkeptitasecret Itwasnotuntilhe ask threetimesthathetoldmethetruth 49 attract bythelatestelectronictoys thelittleboystoodinfrontofthewindows withoutmoving 50 Itwasthefourthtimeshe shop onlineforhours 查看答案 Tostress havebeenthinking Attracted hadbeenasked hadshopped 單句改錯 每小題僅有1處錯誤 一 1 Myhobbyiscollectingstamps Ihadstampsfrommanycountries likeEngland Canada Chinaandothercountries 2 Afterwaitingforanhour Katiawenthome feltlonelyandmiserable 3 Theywouldhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed 4 WhenIwasinSeniorGradeOne IplannedtogivemyclosestfriendLilyabigsurpriseonherbirthdaypartyandmakecarefulpreparations have feeling should made 查看答案 5 Sawthe18candlesburning Icouldn tkeepbackmytears 6 Imustn tuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo clockeachmorningthetrainesbymyhouse 7 I togetherwithmytwofriends waseatingdinnerataChineserestaurant locatinginthecenterofNewYork 8 ThemostexcitingmomentwaswhenMotherputabigbirthdaycakeonthetableandallmyfriendsbegintosingHappyBirthday Seeing needn t located began 查看答案 9 Weshouldbecarefulwhenmadefriends especiallyonline 10 IhavetoldonemoreworkerwillbeneededthisyearandIthinkyouarefitforit 11 Butinfact Gorkacanquiteshy evenaroundthepeoplehehasknownforawhile 12 IthasbeenalongtimesincewemeetinChinalasttime making met 查看答案 been be 13 Weoftendiscussandtrytosolvetheproblemsraisingbytheteachersorourselves 14 Asfortheconsumers theyhadbetterhavetheirownjudgmentandnotwerepuzzledbyads 15 AthomemyfatheroftenthinksI msilly HesaidifIdecidetodosomething ittakeshimmuchtimetostopme raised be says 查看答案 16 Forthewholeafternoontheysanganddancedhappilywithoutthinkabouttheirschoolwork 17 MostcitizensinHongKongstronglyinsistedthatthosewhoattackedthepolicewithviolencewereputintoprison 18 Havingsomethingtodoonthetrain Icouldn thelpthinkaboutthesceneofleavingandfeltterriblysorry thinking be thinking 查看答案 19 What smore thousandsoftouristsfromtheworldcamehereeveryyear whichisreallysplendid 20 Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe soutside e understand 查看答案 二 21 Youshouldn thaveboughtsomuchfood becauseIhavepreparedeverythingweneedforthepicnic 22 Dareyoutotellyourparentsyourschoolrecords 23 Afterschoolwewenttothereading roomtodosomereading onlytobetoldthatitwasdecorated needn t 查看答案 being 24 Ifyouareabletoewithus pleaseletusknowandwewaitforyouattheschoolgateat9inthemorning 25 MorehighwayshavebuiltinChina makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother 26 Isawwithmyowneyesthatadoctorfightsallnighttosaveababy slife fought 查看答案 will been 27 Apartfromthat BlurtOut isprettygoodforChinesestudentstolearnEnglishidiomsandimprovingoralEnglish 28 Iworkreallyhard 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