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Unit 1 Festivals around the world 高考試卷分塊專練 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies. George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge. Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David B．Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money. Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了美國(guó)五座著名的大橋。 1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge? A．It consists of two bridges. B．It costs the least of the five bridges. C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world. D．It takes about 4 years to plete the construction. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 ... thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金門大橋的建筑時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest? A．Golden Gate Bridge. B．Brooklyn Bridge. C．George Washington Bridge. D．Navajo Bridge. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“was built the earliest”定位到每座大橋的建筑時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建筑時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。 3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge? A．Have to pay some money. B．Use the second bridge. C．Cover nearly 250 meters. D．See the statue of Dr.David B．Steinman. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢，故A項(xiàng)正確。 B Many years ago, when we were a young couple with two small children, aged 2 and 4, we were practically impecunious.My inlaws lived from hand to mouth, so we didnt expect any help from them.My parents lived a great distance away, and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation. My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck, carrying groceries for local shopkeepers, but it was constantly breaking down.It took almost all the money we had to have it fixed.The truck was also the only means of transportation for us. We lived in the countryside, and we always used the back door because the driveway led to it.One winter evening, I stepped outside to take a bag of trash to the barrel and almost tripped over something.It was nearly dark, and I had to bend down to see what it was.I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food. It was heavy, so I called my husband to carry it into the house.Once inside, we discovered two loaves of bread, some butter, several cans of vegetables, a can of orange sauce, and a large turkey.There was so much that I couldnt remember it all, but it was everything we needed to fix a wonderful dinner — everything except potatoes. A little while later I remembered that I hadnt taken the trash to the barrel.By now it was dark, so I had to turn on the yard light — and thats when I spotted a small bag of potatoes sitting on the porch. That dinner was the best I could remember. We werent able to thank our donators, though, because we never found out who had been so generous in helping a struggling young family.Whoever it was, we are forever grateful. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇焙驼煞蛴袃蓚€(gè)孩子，很多年前，我們生活貧困，但羞于將處境告訴父母。丈夫用一輛舊卡車送貨謀生。一天晚上，“我”在家門口發(fā)現(xiàn)一籃子豐盛的食物，那一餐令“我”終生難忘?！拔摇睂⒂肋h(yuǎn)感謝那位送食物給“我”家的人。 4．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “impecunious” in Paragraph 1? A．Generous.　　　　 　 B．Harmonious. C．Penniless. D．Stubborn. 解析：選C　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“My parents lived a great distance away, and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation.”可知，“我”的父母住在很遠(yuǎn)的地方，“我”羞于讓他們知道我們的處境；結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可知，我們是有著兩個(gè)孩子的年輕夫妻，據(jù)此可以推知，我們的日子過(guò)得相當(dāng)貧窮，才會(huì)羞于讓遠(yuǎn)方的父母知道我們的情況。據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“貧窮的”，故C項(xiàng)正確。 5．How did the authors husband support the family? A．By starting a garage. B．By selling food door to door. C．By delivering goods. D．By working as a shop assistant. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句的“My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck, carrying groceries for local shopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一輛舊卡車為當(dāng)?shù)氐牡曛魉拓浿\生，故C項(xiàng)正確。 6．How did the author feel when she saw the basket? A．She was annoyed. B．She was astonished. C．She was terrified. D．She felt a sense of relief. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food.”可知，看到一籃子的食物，“我”幾乎不能相信自己的眼睛；據(jù)此可以判斷，作者很驚訝，故B項(xiàng)正確。 7．What may be the best title for the text? A．A helping hand in time B．A struggling young couple C．A tale of potatoes D．A reward from a stranger 解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了“我”和丈夫有兩個(gè)孩子，生活貧困，但羞于將處境告訴父母。丈夫用一輛舊卡車送貨謀生。一天晚上，“我”在家門口發(fā)現(xiàn)一籃子豐盛的食物，那一餐令“我”終生難忘。“我”將永遠(yuǎn)感謝那位送食物給“我”家的人。據(jù)此可以判斷，A項(xiàng)最能概括文意，體現(xiàn)文章主旨，故A項(xiàng)正確。 C Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults. Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health. So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens closest friends, who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight, family ine and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression.And in these people, such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.　 Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge, Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.” And, he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：研究表明，與朋友較少或者沒(méi)有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在長(zhǎng)大后更健康。當(dāng)然，與朋友相處也有壞處。 8．Where can you probably read this passage? A．Science fiction. B．Health column. C．Fashion magazine. D．Entertainment newspaper. 解析：選B　文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時(shí)的友誼對(duì)青少年成年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識(shí)類文章，故可判斷，本文可能選自“健康專欄”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 9．We can learn from Allens study that ________. A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27 D．the teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to be unhealthier 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whether teens held back ...sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他們的好朋友表達(dá)情感也會(huì)影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D項(xiàng)正確。 10．According to what Allen said, we can know that ________. A．in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowd B．though its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up C．teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同時(shí)也會(huì)帶來(lái)不利影響，即周圍同齡人帶來(lái)的壓力，這些壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問(wèn)題。分析Allen的話“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判斷，青少年要應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓力，找到正確的平衡點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，不能因?yàn)楹茈y找到平衡點(diǎn)就灰心喪氣。故選B。 11．What can be inferred from the passage? A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd. B．Close friendships are the most important for peoples health. C．Teen friendships may help teens bee healthier adults. D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會(huì)更加健康。C項(xiàng)意為“青少年時(shí)期的友誼會(huì)幫助青少年成為更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C項(xiàng)正確。 D (2018湖北省七市州聯(lián)考)Christmas Day is for eating, drinking, watching bad TV — and trying to cover up your embarrassment as you realize your husbands aunt Maud has spent her pension on your present while you bought her a set of Christmas cards. Presentbuying can be a minefield: from how much to spend, to whether to risk surprising receivers with a gift they dont want, to knowing if you should buy your neighbor you only say hello to a little something. Here, FEMAIL has asked experts for their top tips on how to select present to_ensure_the_only_thing_thats_red_this_Christmas_is_Santa_Claus_nose. “If youve just started seeing someone you dont need to spend a fortune，” says dating advisor James Preece. “Its much better to impress them with your imagination by choosing a gift thats a little bit different. ￡20 is about the right amount, with a maximum of ￡50 if you can afford it.” “Or you dont even need to go that far”， says relationship expert and founder of BeLoveCurious., Helen Rice. “Plan to spend a romantic evening together or have a fun day out. Feel free to give the person youre dating something thoughtful, just dont spend a lot of money.” “If youre in a longterm relationship then your budget really reflects on your personal situation，” adds James. “You dont need to go crazy, but its a great opportunity to show you love and appreciate them.” “Its also best to buy a few cheaper presents rather than big one. Part of the fun is the mystery and unwrapping, so it will last longer if you give them several to enjoy.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。圣誕節(jié)是西方一個(gè)盛大的節(jié)日，此刻給親朋好友送去圣誕祝福也是非常重要的一種慶祝方式。那么如何避免圣誕節(jié)送禮不當(dāng)所產(chǎn)生的尷尬呢？一起來(lái)看看文章給我們的建議吧。 12．What is the purpose of the first paragraph in this article? A．To arrest the attention of readers. B．To criticize greed of mean couples. C．To describe traditional customs of Christmas Day. D．To express sympathies for embarrassed senior citizens. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，在圣誕節(jié)那天，人們吃吃喝喝，看看沒(méi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)的電視劇——還要試圖掩飾因送禮不當(dāng)而產(chǎn)生的尷尬，如你丈夫的阿姨莫德用退休金給你買了貴重禮物，而你卻只送了她一套圣誕卡。下文緊接著講買圣誕節(jié)禮物是件很棘手的事情，并為此提出了建議。由此可知，第一段通過(guò)假設(shè)點(diǎn)明問(wèn)題，從而吸引讀者的注意力。故A項(xiàng)正確。 13．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 imply? A．To accumulate red symbols for Christmas atmosphere. B．To calculate how much paint they need to decorate the house. C．To surprise their friends with their delicate intention. D．To avoid unnecessary embarrassment when sending gifts. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上文可知，買圣誕節(jié)禮物需要考慮很多因素。FEMAIL就如何選擇禮物征求了專家的建議，就是為了避免大家在送圣誕節(jié)禮物時(shí)產(chǎn)生不必要的尷尬。故D項(xiàng)正確。 14．Which statement does James Preece agree? A．Only rare treasures can move a stone heart. B．Diamonds are girls best friends. C．Curiosity to gifts adds to fun. D．True friends need nothing but trust. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句James Preece說(shuō)的話可知，James Preece認(rèn)為對(duì)禮物的好奇心會(huì)增加樂(lè)趣。故C項(xiàng)正確。 15．Who are the target readers of this article? A．Those who cannot afford expensive eating. B．Those who want to fix their broken friendship. C．Those who have trouble in picking proper gifts. D．Those who have once quarreled with their neighbors. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章前三段可知，本文是向那些不知道如何挑選恰當(dāng)?shù)氖フQ節(jié)禮物的讀者提供了一些建議。故C項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2018武漢模擬)You know the drill when it es to losing weight: take in fewer calories and burn more calories.__1__. If youre trying to drop a few pounds fast, these interesting tips will make it easy for you to lose the weight quickly. Eat in front of mirrors and youll lose weight One study finds that eating in front of mirrors reduces the amount people eat by nearly onethird.Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals.__2__. Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry __3__. Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff, the less hungry they are and the more weight they lose — an average of 30 pounds each.One theory is that sniffing the food tricks the brain into thinking youre actually eating it. __4__ Whether thats a floor, a couple of windows, or your car, a 150pound person will burn about four calories for every minute spent cleaning.Scrub for 30 minutes and you could work off approximately 120 calories, the same number in a halfcup of frozen yogurt. Stare at the color blue Theres a good reason you wont see many fastfood restaurants decorated in blue: it helps to control an appetite.So serve up dinner on blue plates, dress in blue while you eat, and cover your table with a blue tablecloth.__5__. Studies find they encourage eating. A．You might feel silly, but it works B．Therefore, adjust your eating habits C．Wash something thoroughly once a week D．Thats all it takes to lose as many pounds as possible E．On the contrary, avoid red, yellow, and orange in your dining areas F．In other words, it reminds you of why youre trying to lose weight in the first place G．But you also know that most diets and quick weightloss plans dont work as promised 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了快速有效減肥的方法。 1．選G　根據(jù)上文的“You know”及下文的“If youre trying to drop a few pounds fast, these interesting tips will make it easy for you to lose the weight quickly.”可推知，G項(xiàng)“但是，你也知道大部分的節(jié)食和快速減肥計(jì)劃并不像承諾的那樣有效”符合語(yǔ)境，所以選G項(xiàng)。 2．選F　根據(jù)上文的“Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals.”可推知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“why youre trying to lose weight”與上文的“goals”相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以選F項(xiàng)。 3．選A　根據(jù)下文的“Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff ... an average of 30 pounds each.”并結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry”可推知，A項(xiàng)“你可能覺(jué)得(這種行為)可笑，但是它卻有效”符合語(yǔ)境，所以選A項(xiàng)。 4．選C　空處為本段的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了清洗一些東西可以消耗大量的卡路里，從而有助于減肥，所以選C項(xiàng)作本段的小標(biāo)題。 5．選E　根據(jù)空后一句“Studies find they encourage eating.”并結(jié)合本段的小標(biāo)題“Stare at the color blue”可推知，此處表示與藍(lán)色相比，其他的顏色對(duì)食欲的影響，所以選E項(xiàng)。