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必修五 Unit 3 單元話題語篇訓(xùn)練（每單元3練） 練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019南昌模擬) About aspirin (阿司匹林)： Aspirin is a monly used drug which can be taken to relieve disfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections.It is also suitable to treat colds and flulike symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature. Who can take aspirin? Adults and children over 16 years of age. Who should not take aspirin? Women who are pregnant, or plan to bee pregnant.Aspirin may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breastfeeding.Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work. How to take aspirin： Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk. The remended dose (劑量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g (12 tablets) in any 24hour period. You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller. How to store aspirin： Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children. Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light. Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectivenss. Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar. Possible side effects： Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are mon.If these effects continue, contact your doctor. Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare.If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice. 語篇解讀：本文主要對藥品阿司匹林的適用癥狀、適用人群、如何服用等問題進行了說明。 1．In which case will you take aspirin according to the text? A．Stomachache.　　　　 B．Fever. C．Breathlessness. D．Nosebleed. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“It is also suitable to treat colds and flulike symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature”可知，阿司匹林也適用于治療感冒和類似流感的癥狀，有利于退熱，故選B。 2．How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day? A．6. B．4. C．5. D．3. 解析：選A　數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)How to take aspirin中的“The remended dose (劑量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g (12 tablets) in any 24hour period”可知，一天服用阿司匹林的次數(shù)最多是：12/2＝6(次)，故選A。 3．What type of writing is this text? A．An announcement. B．A medical report. C．An official guide. D．Medical instructions. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)對全文的整體理解可知，本文是一篇藥品說明書，對藥品阿司匹林的適用癥狀、適用人群、如何服用等問題進行了詳細的介紹，故選D。 B (2019武漢模擬)For years, my time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe.I hurried up during this process. One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you？” he asked. “Dont you get your creative thoughts from the same place？” “Im in and out in a hurry，” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste！” “What a pity，” he said. “Thats the place where you need to slow down; plenty of great thoughts e from there！” I tried it out.I slowed down the whole process, started enjoying the warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years. A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she needed to find ways to relax.She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away.Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good，” she said, “but I dont need it.” “But its a 70minute video，” the woman replied. “You couldnt have watched the whole thing.” “Yes, I did，” her friend said. “I put it in fastforward！” A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness.We hurry through work.We swallow fast food.We plain that we dont have enough time.We race through the days and weeks until one day we look back in amazement and ment, “Oh, how the years flew by！” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast. Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress and anxiety, bad relationships, poor work performance and even disease.Some people dont survive it.Whats the cure? Slow down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過敘述“我”在一次聚會與一位藝術(shù)家朋友談及洗澡的時間問題，向我們介紹了21世紀(jì)存在的一個主要的社會問題是匆忙癥，從而告訴我們：生命是如此短暫和珍貴，我們必須好好地慢下來生活。 4．What was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes of the artist friend? A．Time was saved. B．Nothing was missed. C．Great ideas flew away. D．Creative thoughts came. 解析：選D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“his idea came while he was having a shower”和“Dont you get your creative thoughts from the same place？”可知，在那位藝術(shù)家朋友的眼里，在洗澡時會產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性的想法。 5．What was the trouble with the womans friend? A．She felt stressed. B．She found the tape useless. C．She found no way to relax. D．She watched the tape too fast. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from”可知，那位女士的朋友感到壓力很大。 6．What is the major social trouble people face in the 21st century in the writers eyes? A．People run fast to work. B．Everything is done in a hurry. C．People dont have enough time. D．Time flies without being noticed. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness”可知，在作者看來，21世紀(jì)人們面臨的一個主要的社會問題是一切都是匆匆忙忙的。 7．How can the problem be settled? A．By slowing down. B．By learning to survive. C．By developing friendship. D．By performing good work. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Some people dont survive it.Whats the cure? Slow down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well”可知，我們可以通過放慢腳步來解決這個問題。 C (2019成都診斷)Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic (有機的) fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more plex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides. Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers. Its true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it es to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the parison gets plex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides (殺蟲劑), and other methods that increase efficiency (效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isnt a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert. In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, theres not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, theres no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health. Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability. But if you cant afford to buy organic produce, dont stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，主要介紹了有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的一些情況。 8．What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Dangers. B．Drawbacks. C．Benefits. D．Differences. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，雖然有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺點。再結(jié)合語境和下文陳述的有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的缺點可以判斷，畫線詞應(yīng)指有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品不好的一面，B項意為“缺點”，故B項正確。 9．Which key factor makes it hard to pare organic farming with conventional farming when it es to environmental concerns? A．The yield. B．The price. C．The water loss. D．The labor. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，當(dāng)涉及諸如溫室氣體排放和水資源損失等環(huán)境問題時，比較傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)和有機農(nóng)業(yè)就困難了；且根據(jù)第三段的其他內(nèi)容可知，雖然有機農(nóng)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)相比更可持續(xù)，但因為不能使用基因工程技術(shù)、殺蟲劑及其他提高效率的方法，有機農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)量相對低，故產(chǎn)量是使得兩者之間的比較變得困難的重要因素。A項意為“產(chǎn)量”，故A項正確。 10．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with? A．Farmers work environment should be improved. B．Organic produce should be made more efficiently. C．It isnt wise for consumers to buy organic products. D．The pesticide remainder do no harm to peoples health. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技術(shù)和殺蟲劑等，有機農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量估計會比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的產(chǎn)量低19%至25%。據(jù)此可以判斷，應(yīng)當(dāng)提高有機農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率，故B項正確。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。 11．In the authors opinion, why should we support organic produce? A．Its environmentally friendly. B．Its more nutritious. C．It helps keep the variety of plants. D．Its safer for consumers. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，有機農(nóng)場為工人提供更安全的工作環(huán)境，而且有機農(nóng)場有助于保持生物的多樣性。據(jù)此可以判斷，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)提倡有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的原因之一是能保持生物的多樣性，故C項正確。 D (2019濟南模擬)Many people traveled to Las Vegas, Nevada during January 5th to 8th, 2017 for the 50th Consumer Electronics Show, or CES. The show is said to have the largest collection of new electronic devices in the world. The show had many examples of “smart home” devices. “Smart home” technology is designed to make life easier for people by letting puters control many things inside their homes. One such device actually begins working outside the home, when someone arrives and rings the doorbell. “When someone es to your front door and rings the doorbell, the light can turn on immediately. I get a notification when Im halfway around the world that someone came, and I can start talking to the person whos at my front door, and I can say, ‘Oh, here let me let you in.’ I can unlock the door for him very easily，” said Vivint, a smart home service provider. One electronics maker launched a device that lets people see and interact with their animals when they are away. The device, from Petcube, lets you remotely watch and talk to your pet through a personal device, according to a pany official. It can even give the pet a treat — if you approve and order it. For heating or cooling, there is a smart thermostat. This device can also send you a message if a big storm causes leaks or flooding. “Were trying to catch it with just a few drips before it bees a real big problem，” said Mike Sale of iDevices. A concern for many homeowners is the possibility that someone else might find a way to attack these smart home devices. An official from Vivint said his pany is sure that only owners of the home can gain use of information on the devices. Warren Katz from iDevices said his pany employs engineers from the defense industry to help prevent hacking. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。內(nèi)華達州的拉斯維加斯于2017年1月5日至8日舉辦了第50屆消費類電子產(chǎn)品展覽會，其中的智能家居設(shè)備令人耳目一新。 12．What can be learned about the show? A．It created much attraction to consumers. B．It has been held in Las Vegas many times. C．It only exhibited smart home devices. D．It is the largest show ever held. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，許多人前往內(nèi)華達州的拉斯維加斯參加第50屆消費類電子產(chǎn)品展覽會，據(jù)說該展覽會展出了世界上最多的新型電子設(shè)備；結(jié)合下文介紹的“電子門鈴”“智能恒溫器”等可知，該展覽會創(chuàng)造了很多吸引顧客的亮點，故A項正確。 13．Whats the purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To explain how to answer the door. B．To illustrate a smart home device. C．To tell a story about nice devices. D．To introduce a home service provider. 解析：選B　目的意圖題。根據(jù)第三段中的第一、二句可知，當(dāng)有人來到你的前門按門鈴時，燈就會立刻亮起來；當(dāng)我不在家的時候，我收到了一個通知，通知我有人來了，我可以開始和在我家前門的人說話。據(jù)此可知，該段旨在說明一種智能家居設(shè)備，故B項正確。 14．What may happen in the future according to the given examples? A．puters may replace human workers one day. B．A stranger can e into your house even if youre out. C．The house can repair for itself if a storm causes damage. D．You can take good care of your animals while youre away. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，一家電子產(chǎn)品制造商推出了一款設(shè)備，這款設(shè)備讓人們不在家時也可以看到他們的寵物，并與它們互動。據(jù)此可以推斷，將來如果使用這種設(shè)備，你可以在你不在家時也能照顧好你的寵物，故D項正確。 15．What can be inferred about the smart home device from the last paragraph? A．Information on the devices is easy to get. B．Many of the devices are not available now. C．Homeowners are concerned about its operation. D．Its safety can be guaranteed at present. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，智能家居設(shè)備公司確信只有房屋所有者才能使用這些設(shè)備上的信息。據(jù)此可以推斷，目前這款智能家居設(shè)備是確保安全的，故D項正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019太原模擬)Tofu is a delicacy that transcends (超越) many foods, and a simple dish that can be cooked in various forms and flavors. From sweet to smelly, from China to Japan and beyond — this basic ingredient made from soybeans has bee a historic staple throughout Asia. __16__. It was only after a bowl of warm doufuhua, the local tofu pudding, that I saw just how much food plays a part in the citys longing for the past. “Tofu pudding is not just a pudding. __17__，” says Renee, the fourthgeneration owner of Kung Wo Beancurd Factory, a tofu shop in the heart of Hong Kongs old town. Rewind to about 60 years ago, when the neighborhood was home to a busy shipping port. Dock workers would head straight to Kung Wo for some soy milk after a hard days work. __18__. It was often open until the early hours of the morning to draw the cinemagoers from the theatre nearby for a sweet with their sweeties. “In the 1960s, Hong Kong was not a wealthy place. __19__. People were happy with tofu pudding or soy milk because it was local and cheap，” she says. “Now we have lots of different types of desserts to choose from, but its funny that people still want to find something more original.” As we sat down to take a spoonful of our tofu pudding, a couple sat at the table next to ours. They told us they were visiting from Canada but grew up here in Hong Kong, and always came for a bowl of Kung Wos tofu pudding on their visits. “When we were young, we didnt have McDonalds. __20__. For us its also fort food and its what we love too.” A．It is the only childhood memory for us B．Renee has a secret recipe that is passed on in her family C．People also see it as something related to their childhood D．Renee says back then the shop was a popular night date spot as well E．In Hong Kong, tofu plays another important role — its fort food F．At that time there was no choice for desserts like cheesecake or ice cream G．Soybeans stay up to 10 hours in water before they are softened and made into tofu 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了豆腐這種食物以及香港的一家豆腐商店——Kung Wo Beancurd Factory。 16．解析：選E　根據(jù)空處后一句中的“plays a part”可知，空處表達的意思是在香港，豆腐起到的另一個重要的作用——是使人感覺放松的安慰食物。故選E項。 17．解析：選C　根據(jù)空處前一句“Tofu pudding is not just a pudding”可知，C項“人們也把它看作與他們的童年有關(guān)的東西”與此處銜接緊密。故選C項。 18．解析：選D　根據(jù)空處后一句可推知，D項“Renee說那個時候這家店也是一個受歡迎的晚上約會的場所”符合語境。 19．解析：選F　根據(jù)空處前一句“In the 1960s, Hong Kong was not a wealthy place”和空處后一句“People were happy with tofu pudding or soy milk because it was local and cheap”可推知，在那個時候，人們沒有像芝士蛋糕和冰淇淋這樣的甜點可供選擇。故選F項。 20．解析：選A　根據(jù)空處前一句“When we were young, we didnt have McDonalds”可推知，A項“這是我們唯一的童年記憶”符合語境。 練(二)　語言知識運用組塊專練 ——練準(zhǔn)度 (限時：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019廣州調(diào)研)Grady threw down his backpack and slammed the car door shut. “This is going to be a really __1__ week，” he said unhappily to no one __2__. He looked around the campground. Hundreds of bluegreen fir trees, some as tall as church towers, __3__ the mountainside, giving it the appearance of a lush green carpet. The sun would be setting soon. Then, Grady thought, maybe the __4__ wouldnt feel so bad. Even up here in the __5__， the hot stickiness of July clung to him. Grady hated camping, but it was something his family __6__ every summer. His father liked cooking over an open fire, telling stories about how to __7__ things like bear attacks and swarms of bees. His mother and younger brother Jared liked to hike and take __8__ of animals. Jared had a collection of bug pictures that hed __9__ to the walls in his half of their room. Grady thought they were just scary and considered them proof that Jared was a __10__ kid. They set up camp — two __11__， one for his parents and one for himself and Jared. While everyone else started __12__ dinner, Grady, looking for some place to cool down, set off for the nearby stream, which was deep enough to __13__ in. As he __14__ the stream, something caught his eye. There was a(n) __15__ black bear cub — no more than two feet tall with a lovely face. It was playing __16__ at the waters edge, __17__ its surroundings. Grady moved closer to get a __18__ look. Then Grady heard a sound behind him. He __19__ his father saying that bear cubs would never be __20__. Then he turned around and saw the cubs mother moving swiftly towards him ... 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述的是Grady和家人一起露營，由于天氣太熱，Grady獨自一人去找小溪乘涼，卻遇到了黑熊的故事。 1．A.long　　　　　　　　 B．interesting C．peaceful D．risky 解析：選A　根據(jù)空后的“unhappily”可知，此處應(yīng)用long表示這一周會很漫長。long“漫長的”；interesting“有趣的”；peaceful“和平的，平靜的”；risky“危險的，冒險的”。 2．A.in advance B．in brief C．in particular D．in silence 解析：選C　他不高興地自言自語道：“這將是很漫長的一周?！盙rady并沒有特別地對某個人說，因此，C項符合語境。in silence“安靜地，無聲地”。 3．A.blocked B．covered C．reflected D．scarred 解析：選B　數(shù)以百計的藍綠色冷杉樹，有些像教堂塔一樣高，覆蓋著山坡，使山坡呈現(xiàn)出一個郁郁蔥蔥的像綠色地毯的外觀。從下文的“carpet”可知，數(shù)以百計的冷杉樹覆蓋著山坡。block“阻止，阻塞”；cover“覆蓋”；reflect“反射，映出”；scar“結(jié)疤，給……留下傷痕”。 4．A.dust B．campground C．heat D．sun 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“The sun would be setting soon”及下文中的“the hot stickiness of July clung to him”可知，Grady認為太陽下山后就不會那么熱了。故C項heat“高溫”符合語境。dust“塵土”；campground“野營地”。 5．A.mountain B．river C．sky D．tower 解析：選A　即使在山上，7月的炎熱依舊如影隨形。根據(jù)上文中的“mountainside”可知，作者的野營地在山上。故選A項。 6．A.believed in B．insisted on C．came across D．lived through 解析：選B　Grady討厭野營，但是這是他家人每年夏天堅持的事情。根據(jù)空前的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，Grady的家人和他的想法相反。believe in“相信”；insist on“堅持”；e across“偶遇”；live through“經(jīng)歷過”。故選B項。 7．A.encourage B．explore C．recognize D．survive 解析：選D　他的父親喜歡在戶外的火上做飯，講關(guān)于如何在類似熊和一大群蜜蜂的攻擊下生存下來的故事。根據(jù)空后的“bear attacks and swarms of bees”可知，這些故事是關(guān)于如何在類似熊和蜜蜂攻擊下生存的。survive“幸存，生還”符合語境。encourage“鼓勵”；explore“探索”；recognize“認識，認出”。 8．A.care B．control C．pictures D．examples 解析：選C　根據(jù)后一句中的“Jared had a collection of bug pictures”可知，本空指給動物拍照。take pictures of“拍……的照片”，為固定搭配。 9．A.guided B．pinned C．taken D．thrown 解析：選B　根據(jù)空后的“to the walls”可知，這些照片是被釘在墻上的。guide“指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)”；pin“(用釘?shù)?釘住”；take“攜帶”；throw“扔”。 10．A.sensitive B．smart C．tough D．strange 解析：選D　根據(jù)語境可知，Grady認為這些(蟲子的照片)非常嚇人，并且把它們當(dāng)作證明Jared是一個奇怪的孩子的證據(jù)。sensitive“敏感的”；smart“聰明的”；tough“堅強的”；strange“奇怪的”。 11．A.beds B．rooms C．tents D．plates 解析：選C　根據(jù)空前的“camp”可知，此處是搭起兩個帳篷。bed“床”；room“房間”；tent“帳篷”；plate“盤子”。故選C項。 12．A.altering B．hunting C．ordering D．preparing 解析：選D　根據(jù)空后的“dinner”及常識可知，此處表示準(zhǔn)備晚餐。alter“改變”；hunt“打獵”；order“點菜”；prepare“準(zhǔn)備”。 13．A.dig B．swim C．hide D．sink 解析：選B　當(dāng)其他人都在開始準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時候，Grady想要尋找清涼的地方，于是動身去附近的小溪。這條小溪足夠深，可以在里面游泳。根據(jù)本句中的“l(fā)ooking for some place to cool down”可知，Grady想在小溪里游泳涼快一下。dig“挖”；swim“游泳”；hide“躲藏”；sink“沉沒”。 14．A.crossed B．imagined C．left D．neared 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“set off for the nearby stream”可知，Grady朝小溪走去，因此此處表示離小溪越來越近。near“靠近(某地方)”符合語境。 15．A.adorable B．a(chǎn)ggressive C．injured D．large 解析：選A　根據(jù)空后的“no more than two feet tall with a lovely face”可知，小黑熊很可愛。adorable“可愛的”；aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”；injured“受傷的”。故選A項。 16．A.cautiously B．joyfully C．forcefully D．nervously 解析：選B　小黑熊在水邊快樂地玩耍，忽視了它周圍的環(huán)境。cautiously“小心地，謹(jǐn)慎地”；joyfully“高興地”；forcefully“強有力地”；nervously“緊張地”。故選B項。 17．A.attacking B．destroying C．hating D．ignoring 解析：選D　參見上題解析。attack“攻擊，進攻”；destroy“破壞”；hate“討厭”；ignore“忽視，不顧”。 18．A.better B．brighter C．fixed D．lasting 解析：選A　Grady走近了一點，想看得更清楚一些。get a better look“看得更清楚”。 19．A.found B．learned C．remembered D．misunderstood 解析：選C　這時Grady聽到后面?zhèn)鱽硪魂嚶曇?，Grady記起父親說過熊的幼仔不會單獨出行的。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；learn“學(xué)會，了解到”；remember“記得”；misunderstand“誤解”。 20．A.alone B．a(chǎn)wake C．cute D．scared 解析：選A　根據(jù)空后的“Then he turned around and saw the cubs mother moving swiftly towards him”可知，小黑熊的媽媽正朝Grady迅速地走來。因此，此處表示熊的幼仔從來不會單獨出行的。alone“獨自的”；awake“醒著的”；cute