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Languageinuse 1Choosethecorrectdescriptionoftheuse 2Completethesentences 3Rewritethesentences 4Readtheexplanationsofthewordsandexpressions 5Completethesentencesusingthecollocations 6TranslatetheparagraphintoChinese 7TranslatetheparagraphintoEnglish with presentparticiple Languageinuse 1Lookatthesentencesfromthetwopassages 1Finally withmymotherflushedandgaspingforbreath wefindRoom8 2 andhereIamsittinginone withProfessorMaxineGreenupthereontheplatformtellingushow with presentparticiple Languageinuse Nowchoosethecorrectdescriptionoftheuseofwith presentparticipleintheabovesentences usedfordescribingsomethingwhichishappeningatthesametime b usedforsayingwhatpossessions qualities orfeaturessomeoneorsomethinghas b a 1Finally withmymotherflushedandgaspingforbreath wefindRoom8 2 andhereIamsittinginone withProfessorMaxineGreenupthereontheplatformtellingushow 21 mymotherandIunpack myfatheriswaitinginthecorridor 2Theboyinfrontpilesfoodonhisplate Iwaswaitinginthequeue 3 Iputupmyumbrellauntilitstopped therainwaspouringdown Languageinuse Withmyfatherwaitinginthecorridor withmewaitinginthequeue Withtherainpouringdown Completethesentencesusingwith presentparticipleandthecluesinbrackets 4 Icouldn tconcentrate themusicwasplayingloudly 5 Ihadtoleavebeforetheend thelecturewasrunninglate 6 Idecidedtowritethemdownasnotes myheadwasspinningwithideas Languageinuse Withthemusicplayingloudly Withthelecturerunninglate Withmyheadspinningwithideas Itoccursto that 3Lookatthesentence IrealizethatIhaven teatenfortwodays Youcanrewriteitlikethis ItoccurstomethatIhaven teatenfortwodays Languageinuse NowrewritethesentencesusingItoccursto that 1Myfatherrealizestheroomisbarelybigenoughforoneperson soheleaves Itoccurstomyfatherthattheroomisbarelybigenoughforoneperson soheleaves 2IhadneverrealizedthatmyhandwritingissobadthatIcan treadit IthadneveroccurredtomethatmyhandwritingissobadthatIcan treadit 3IrealizeI verunoutofcleanclothes ItoccurstomethatI verunoutofcleanclothes Languageinuse 4Hasherealizedthathedoesn tknowwhattowriteforhistermpaper Hasitoccurredtohimthathedoesn tknowwhattowriteforhistermpaper 5HerealizeshecouldspeakinanAmericanaccentsotheywouldn trecognizehimasaforeigner ItoccurstohimthathecouldspeakinanAmericanaccentsotheywouldn trecognizehimasaforeigner Languageinuse CollocationsCollocationreferstothewayinwhichsomewordsareoftenusedtogether oraparticularcombinationofwordsusedinthisway Forexample wesayatallman nota highman Thisisacollocation Remembertonotedownanycollocationsyouhearorsee Languageinuse 4Readtheexplanationsofthewordsandexpressions Answerthequestions 1climbWhenyouclimboutof into throughsomething youdoitwithdifficulty a Whydoesthewriter sfatherclimboutoftheroom Becausetheroomisverysmall b Whywouldyouclimbintobed Youwouldclimbintobedifyouaresotiredthatitfeelslikeahugeeffort c Ifyouclimbthroughahole whatdoyoudowithyourbody Youwouldprobablyneedtobendover andcrawlthroughthehole Languageinuse 2spillThiswordusuallysuggestsseveralideas liquid accidentally movementandoutofcontrol Whathashappenedifyou vespiltcoffeealloveryourdesk Languageinuse Youhaveaccidentallyknockedoveracup mugandthecoffeehasgone uncontrolled alloverthedesk b Whathashappenediftoysspiltoutalloverthecarpet c Whatmightbehappeningifcrowdswerespillingoutofthebarsandrestaurants Languageinuse Thetoysareinacontainer suchasabox andeithertheboxistoofullsosometoysarefallingoutontothecarpet ortheboxhasbeentippedoversomostofthetoyshavefallenoutofthebox Manypeoplewouldbeleavingthebarsandrestaurantsallatonce probablybecausetheywereclosingforthenight 3signupWhenyousignupforacluborateam youjoinit ThewritersignsupforseveralclubsinDiaryofafresher a Whenmightsomeonesignupforthearmy b Anewfootballplayerhasjoinedtheclub c Languageinuse Whenthereisawarorthepersonwantstoservetheircountrybybecomingasoldier Whathashappenedifafootballclubsignsupanewfootballplayer Whatdoyoudowhenyousignuptodovoluntaryworkinyourlocalcommunity Cleantheneighbourhood helpwiththeelderly organizefundraisingforthecommunityetc 4burstintoThisexpressionsuggeststhatsomethingsuddenlyhappens orsomeonesuddenlystartsdoingsomething a Thewritersuddenlystartscrying b Whatburstsintobloom Flowers whentheyemergefrombuds c Whatdoyoudowhensomethingburstsintoflames Languageinuse Whatdoesthewritersuddenlystartdoingwhensheburstsintotears Putouttheflamesimmediatelyifyoucan orkeepwellclearandcalltheemergencyservices thefirebrigade 5cleanThiswordusuallysuggestsseveralideas notdirty notillegalorwrong withoutproblems inoffensive a Ifyou vegotacleanlicence whathaveorhaven tyoudone Languageinuse Thisreferstoadrivinglicence Itmeansthatyouhavebeendrivingsafelyoratleastyouhavenopenaltypointsonthelicence apersongetssuchpointsasapunishmentafterbreakingthelawontheroads egspeedingorcausinganaccident andthelicencethenhasanoteonit it snot clean andthepolicehavearecord b Ifyouusecleanlanguage whatdoyouavoidsaying c Ifsomethinghasacleanbillofhealth isithealthyorworkingcorrectly Languageinuse Youavoidusingswearwordsorotherexamplesofbadlanguage Herethisphraseisusedmetaphoricallyandmeanssomethingisworkingproperly forexample acarmighthaveacleanbillofhealth afteracheckortestthatitisworkingproperly 6easyThiswordusuallysuggeststhatsomethingisnotdifficultordoesn tneedmuchwork Itcanalsosuggestthatapersonisconfident happyandnotworriedaboutanything a Ifsomeoneiseasyontheeye howdotheylook Apersonwhoiseasyontheeyeispleasanttolookatinappearanceandinthewaytheydress Languageinuse Languageinuse b Ifsomethingiseasiersaidthandone isitmoreorlessdifficulttodo c Ifsomeonetellsyouto takeiteasy whataretheytellingyoutodo Whensomethingiseasiersaidthandone itiseasytotalkabout butdifficulttoachieve Whensomeonetellsyouto takeiteasy theycanmeaneitheroftwothings Youshouldrestandnotdothingsthatwillmakeyoutired oryoushouldkeepcalm beinglessupsetorangry 5CompletethesentencesusingthecollocationsinActivity4 1IfeverI myclothes it sbecauseIhaveputonalotofweightandmyclothesdon tfitmeanymore 2Thelasttimesomeonemademe waswhenIwasasmallchildandtheyhurtme 3Ialwaysuse whenItalktomyteachersorparents 4Itwas whensomeonesuggestedthatweshouldputtheflagonthetopofthehighmountain Languageinuse spiltoutof burstintotears cleanlanguage easiersaidthandone 5I llneverforgetthetimewhenIhadto awindowbecauseIwaslockedoutofthehouse 6AmongthefourorfiveuniversityclubsI wasballroomdancing 7Whenthecherrytrees IthinkofmyvisittoJapantwoyearsago 8Iwouldonlylosemy ifeverIhadacaraccidentinwhichIwasdrivingundertheinfluenceofalcohol 9ThepeopleIthinkare areattractiveandpleasanttolookat Languageinuse climbthrough signedupfor burstintobloom cleanlicence easyontheeye Translation6TranslatetheparagraphintoChinese Today agapyearrefersmostlytoayeartakenbeforestartinguniversityorcollege Duringtheirgapyear Americanstudentseitherengageinadvancedacademiccoursesordosomevolunteerworktoimprovetheirknowledge maturity decision making leadership independence self sufficiencyandmore thusimprovingtheirr sum sbeforegoingtocollege BritishandEuropeanstudents however takeamuchmoreholiday styleapproachtothegapyearbygenerallyworkingfor3 6monthsandthentravellingaroundtheworldbeforecollegebegins Thisisintendedtoexpandtheirminds personalconfidence experiencesandinterestspriortocollege ItisamuchlessstructuredapproachthantakenintheUnitedStates andisgenerallyviewedbyparentsasaformativeyearforyoungadultstobecomeindependentandlearnagreatdealofresponsibilitypriortoengaginginuniversitylife Languageinuse 如今 間隔年最為普遍的含義是指上大學(xué)前的一年 在這一年中 美國(guó)學(xué)生或是學(xué)習(xí)高級(jí)學(xué)術(shù)類課程 或是做一些志愿服務(wù) 以此來提高自己的知識(shí)水平 成熟度 決策力 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力 獨(dú)立性 自給自足以及多方面的能力 力求在上大學(xué)之前讓自己的簡(jiǎn)歷變得更加完善 然而 英國(guó)和歐洲的學(xué)生更傾向于把間隔年當(dāng)作假期來看待 他們通常用3 6個(gè)月的時(shí)間打打工 然后利用剩余的時(shí)間在大學(xué)開學(xué)前環(huán)球旅行 這樣 在上大學(xué)前 他們可以增長(zhǎng)見識(shí) 提升自信 豐富閱歷 培養(yǎng)興趣 與美國(guó)的間隔年不同 英國(guó)和歐洲的做法沒有那么周密的安排 家長(zhǎng)們通常把間隔年看作是年輕人成長(zhǎng)起來的一年 他們?cè)陂_始大學(xué)生活之前變得獨(dú)立 并學(xué)會(huì)承擔(dān)很多責(zé)任 Languageinuse 7TranslatetheparagraphintoEnglish 今天 很多中國(guó)的大學(xué)非常重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新意識(shí)和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神 entrepreneurship 很多知名大學(xué)與多家公司建立長(zhǎng)期的合作關(guān)系 這些公司會(huì)定期從大學(xué)中錄用合格的畢業(yè)生 此外 有些校友還創(chuàng)建啟動(dòng)資金 支持學(xué)生創(chuàng)辦自己的企業(yè) 一些大學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)表示 創(chuàng)業(yè)與學(xué)習(xí)并不矛盾 鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)可以幫助他們將專業(yè)知識(shí)應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐 提升自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 competitiveness Languageinuse Today manyChineseuniversitiesattachgreatimportancetocultivatinginnovationawarenessandentrepreneurship Manyprestigiousuniversitiesestablishlong termrelationshipswithalotofcompanies Thesecompaniesrecruitqualifiedgraduatesfromtheuniversitiesonaregularbasis What smore somealumnievencreatestart upfundstosupportstudentsinstartingtheirownbusiness Thepresidentsofsomeuniversitiessaythatdoingbusinessandstudyingarenotinconflictandthatencouragingstudentstosetupbusinessescanhelpthemputtheirspecializedknowledgeintopracticeandraisetheircompetitiveness Languageinuse