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編 號 無錫太湖學院 畢 業(yè) 設 計 論 文 相 關 資 料 題目 汽車雨刮器的模具設計 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 學 號 0923067 學生姓名 陳紅明 指導教師 林承德 職稱 教 授 職稱 2013 年 5 月 25 日 目 錄 一 畢業(yè)設計 論文 開題報告 二 畢業(yè)設計 論文 外文資料翻譯及原文 三 學生 畢業(yè)論文 論文 計劃 進度 檢查及落實表 四 實習鑒定表 無錫太湖學院 畢 業(yè) 設 計 論 文 開 題 報 告 題目 汽車雨刮器的模具設計 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 學 號 0923067 學生姓名 陳紅明 指導教師 林承德 職稱 教 授 職稱 2012 年 11 月 27 日 課題來源 宏利科技 蘇州 有限公司 科學依據(jù) 包括課題的科學意義 國內(nèi)外研究概況 水平和發(fā)展趨勢 應 用前景等 目前 汽車工業(yè)有很大的發(fā)展 對于零部件的要求也越來越高 塑料的無骨雨刮 器是一種新型雨刮器 更美觀和實用 研究內(nèi)容 本課題主要研究的內(nèi)容 一模多腔的塑料模具的設計與制造 主要研究內(nèi)容有 首先學習典型的模具結構 進一步熟悉塑料模具設計的過程 注意的細節(jié) 設計要點 UG 軟件的應用 然后是在工程實踐的基礎上 到車間了解模具加工 裝配的過程 將 實際生產(chǎn)再次反饋的設計 以求達到優(yōu)化和學習并升華的目的 擬采取的研究方法 技術路線 實驗方案及可行性分析 塑料塑件在人們的日常生活中及現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)領域中占有很重要的地位 采用模 具成型的工藝代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的切削加工工藝 可以提高生產(chǎn)效率 保證零件質(zhì)量 節(jié)約材 料 降低生產(chǎn)成本 從而取得很高的生產(chǎn)效率 因此 在機電 儀表 化工 汽車和 航天航空等領域 塑料已成為金屬的良好代用材料并得到了廣泛的應用 出現(xiàn)了金屬 材料塑料化的趨勢 本文設計了采用了十六個斜頂機構 能一模生成十六件產(chǎn)品 頂 出機構采用延時頂出 可以自動將產(chǎn)品同澆道料頭脫開 大大節(jié)省了后續(xù)工序 本設 計采用 UG 設計 直接設計出 3D 圖形 然后生成裝配圖和零件圖 研究計劃及預期成果 研究計劃 2012 年 11 月 12 日 2012 年 12 月 25 日 按照任務書要求查閱論文相關參考資料 填 寫畢業(yè)設計開題報告書 2013 年 1 月 11 日 2013 年 3 月 8 日 填寫畢業(yè)實習報告 2013 年 3 月 8 日 2013 年 3 月 10 日 按照要求修改畢業(yè)設計開題報告 2013 年 3 月 13 日 2013 年 3 月 18 日 學習并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設計相關的英文材料 2013 年 3 月 19 日 2013 年 4 月 10 日 UG 設計 2013 年 4 月 12 日 2013 年 4 月 25 日 CAD 設計 2013 年 4 月 26 日 2013 年 5 月 20 日 畢業(yè)論文撰寫和修改工作 預期成果 達到預期目標 了解到一模多腔的塑料模具的設計與制造 能批量快速的生產(chǎn)雨 刮器 提高生產(chǎn)效率 特色或創(chuàng)新之處 1 汽車雨刮器的模具設計 1 一模十六腔 2 模具頂出產(chǎn)品是要能自動把產(chǎn)品和料頭分開 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 已具備的條件 電腦 相關開發(fā)軟件 部分技術資料 尚需解決的問題 學習 UG 軟件 確定產(chǎn)品的結構尺寸和技術要求 逆向設計建 立三維數(shù)模 總成運動仿真校核 指導教師意見 指導教師簽名 年 月 日 教研室 學科組 研究所 意見 教研室主任簽名 年 月 日 系意見 主管領導簽名 年 月 日 英文原文 Machine design theory The machine design is through designs the new product or improves the old product to meet the human need the application technical science It involves the project technology each domain mainly studies the product the size the shape and the detailed structure basic idea but also must study the product the personnel which in aspect the and so on manufacture sale and use question Carries on each kind of machine design work to be usually called designs the personnel or machine design engineer The machine design is a creative work Project engineer not only must have the creativity in the work but also must in aspect and so on mechanical drawing kinematics engineerig material materials mechanics and machine manufacture technology has the deep elementary knowledge If front sues the machine design goal is the production can meet the human need the product The invention the discovery and technical knowledge itself certainly not necessarily can bring the advantage to the humanity only has when they are applied can produce on the product the benefit Thus should realize to carries on before the design in a specific product must first determine whether the people do need this kind of product Must regard as the machine design is the machine design personnel carries on using creative ability the product design the system analysis and a formulation product manufacture technology good opportunity Grasps the project elementary knowledge to have to memorize some data and the formula is more important than The merely service data and the formula is insufficient to the completely decision which makes in a good design needs On the other hand should be earnest precisely carries on all operations For example even if places wrong a decimal point position also can cause the correct design to turn wrongly A good design personnel should dare to propose the new idea moreover is willing to undertake the certain risk when the new method is not suitable use original method Therefore designs the personnel to have to have to have the patience because spends the time and the endeavor certainly cannot guarantee brings successfully A brand new design the request screen abandons obsoletely many knows very well the method for the people Because many person of conservativeness does this certainly is not an easy matter A mechanical designer should unceasingly explore the improvement existing product the method should earnestly choose originally the process confirmation principle of design in this process with has not unified it after the confirmation new idea Newly designs itself can have the question occurrence which many flaws and has not been able to expect only has after these flaws and the question are solved can manifest new goods come into the market the product superiority Therefore a performance superior product is born at the same time also is following a higher risk Should emphasize if designs itself does not request to use the brand new method is not unnecessary merely for the goal which transform to use the new method In the design preliminary stage should allow to design the personnel fully to display the creativity not each kind of restraint Even if has had many impractical ideas also can in the design early time namely in front of the plan blueprint is corrected Only then only then does not send to stops up the innovation the mentality Usually must propose several sets of design proposals then perform the comparison Has the possibility very much in the plan which finally designated has used certain not in plan some ideas which accepts How does the psychologist frequently discuss causes the machine which the people adapts them to operate Designs personnel s basic responsibility is diligently causes the machine to adapt the people This certainly is not an easy work because certainly does not have to all people to say in fact all is the most superior operating area and the operating process Another important question project engineer must be able to carry on the exchange and the consultation with other concerned personnel In the initial stage designs the personnel to have to carry on the exchange and the consultation on the preliminary design with the administrative personnel and is approved This generally is through the oral discussion the schematic diagram and the writing material carries on In order to carry on the effective exchange needs to solve the following problem 1 designs whether this product truly does need for the people Whether there is competitive ability 2 does this product compare with other companies existing similar products 3 produces this kind of product is whether economical 4 product service is whether convenient 5 product whether there is sale Whether may gain Only has the time to be able to produce the correct answer to above question But the product design the manufacture and the sale only can in carry on to the above question preliminary affirmation answer foundation in Project engineer also should through the detail drawing and the assembly drawing carries on the consultation together with the branch of manufacture to the finally design proposal Usually can have some problem in the manufacture process Possibly can request to some components size or the common difference makes some changes causes the components the production to change easily But in the project change must have to pass through designs the personnel to authorize guaranteed cannot damage the product the function Sometimes when in front of product assembly or in the packing foreign shipment experiment only then discovers in the design some kind of flaw These instances exactly showed the design is a dynamic process Always has a better method to complete the design work designs the personnel to be supposed unceasingly diligently seeks these better method Recent year the engineerig material choice already appeared importantly In addition the choice process should be to the material continuously the unceasing again appraisal process The new material unceasingly appears but some original materials can obtain the quantity possibly can reduce The environmental pollution material recycling aspect and so on use worker s health and security frequently can attach the new limiting condition to the choice of material In order to reduce the weight or saves the energy possibly can request the use different material Comes from domestic and international competition to product service maintenance convenience request enhancement and customer s aspect the and so on feedback pressure can urge the people to carry on to the material reappraises Because the material does not select when created the product responsibility lawsuit has already had the profound influence In addition the material and between the material processing interdependence is already known by the people clearly Therefore in order to can and guarantees the quality in the reasonable cost under the premise to obtain satisfaction the result project engineer makes engineers all to have earnestly carefully to choose the determination and the use material Makes any product the first step of work all is designs Designs usually may divide into several explicit stages a preliminary design b functional design c production design In the preliminary design stage the designer emphatically considered the product should have function Usually must conceive and consider several plans then decided this kind of thought is whether feasible If is feasible then should makes the further improvement to or several plans In this stage the question which only must consider about the choice of material is Whether has the performance to conform to the request material to be possible to supply the choice If no whether has a bigger assurance all permits in the cost and the time in the limit develops one kind of new material In the functional design and the engineering design stage needs to make a practical feasible design Must draw up the quite complete blueprint in this stage chooses and determines each kind of components the material Usually must make the prototype or the working model and carries on the experiment to it the appraisal product function the reliability the outward appearance and the service maintenance and so on Although this kind of experiment possibly can indicate enters in the product to the production base in front of should replace certain materials but absolutely cannot this point take not earnestly chooses the material the excuse Should unify the product the function earnestly carefully considers the product the outward appearance the cost and the reliability Has the achievement very much the company when manufacture all prototypes selects the material should the material which uses with its production in be same and uses the similar manufacture technology as far as possible Like this has the advantage very much to the company The function complete prototype if cannot act according to the anticipated sales volume economically to make or is prototypical and the official production installment has in the quality and the reliable aspect is very greatly different then this kind of prototype does not have the great value Project engineer is best can completely complete the material in this stage the analysis the choice and the determination work but is not remains it to the production design stage does Because is carries on in the production design stage material replacement by other people these people are inferior to project engineer to the product all functions understanding I n the production design stage is should completely determine with the material related main question the material causes them to adapt with the existing equipment can use the existing equipment economically to carry on the processing moreover the material quantity can quite be easy to guarantee the supply In the manufacture process inevitably can appear to uses the material to make some changes the situation The experience indicated that may use certain cheap materials to take the substitute However in the majority situation in will carry on the production later to change the material to have in to start before the production to change the price which the material will spend to have to be higher than Completes the choice of material work in the design stage may avoid the most such situations Started after the production manufacture to appear has been possible to supply the use the new material is replaces the material the most common reason Certainly these new materials possibly reduce the cost the improvement product performance But must carry on the earnest appraisal to the new material guarantees its all performance all to answer the purpose Must remember that the new material performance and the reliable very few pictures materials on hand such understood for the people The majority of products expiration and the product accident caused by negligence case is because in selects the new material to take in front of substitution material not truly understood their long term operational performance causes The product responsibility lawsuit forces designs the personnel and the company when the choice material uses the best procedure In the material process five most common questions are a did not understand or cannot use about the material application aspect most newly the best information paper b has not been able to foresee and to consider the dusk year possible reasonable use for example to have the possibility designs the personnel also to be supposed further to forecast and the consideration because product application method not when creates consequence ecent years many products responsibilities lawsuit case because wrongly uses the plaintiff which the product receives the injury to accuse produces the factory and wins the decision c uses the material data not entire perhaps some data are indefinite works as its long term performance data is the like this time in particular d the quality control method is not suitable and not after the confirmation e the personnel which completely is not competent for the post by some chooses the material Through to the above five questions analysis may obtain these questions is does not have the sufficient reason existence the conclusion May for avoid these questions to these questions research analyses the appearance indicating the direction Although uses the best choice of material method not to be able to avoid having the product responsibility lawsuit designs the personnel and the industry carries on the choice of material according to the suitable procedure may greatly reduce the lawsuit the quantity May see from the above discussion the choice material people should to the material nature the characteristic and the processing method have comprehensive and the basic understanding Mold design and manufacture The mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation in our country the mold manufacture belongs to the special purpose equipment manufacturing industry China although very already starts to make the mold and the use mold but long term has not formed the industry Straight stabs 0 centuries 80 s later periods the Chinese mold industry only then drives into the development speedway Recent years not only the state owned mold enterprise had the very big development the three investments enterprise the villages and towns individual the mold enterprise s development also quite rapid Although the Chinese mold industrial development rapid but compares with the demand obviously falls short of demand its main gap concentrates precisely to large scale is complex the long life mold domain As a result of in aspect and so on mold precision life manufacture cycle and productivity China and the international average horizontal and the developed country still had a bigger disparity therefore needed massively to import the mold every year The Chinese mold industry except must continue to sharpen the productivity from now on will have emphatically to the profession internal structure adjustment and the state of art enhancement The structure adjustment aspect mainly is the enterprise structure to the specialized adjustment the product structure to center the upscale mold development to the import and export structure improvement center the upscale automobile cover mold forming analysis and the structure improvement the multi purpose compound mold and the compound processing and the laser technology in the mold design manufacture application the high speed cutting the superfinishing and polished the technology the information direction develops The recent years the mold profession structure adjustment and the organizational reform step enlarges mainly displayed in large scale precise was complex the long life center the upscale mold and the mold standard letter development speed is higher than the common mold product The plastic mold and the compression casting mold proportion increases Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increase The three investments and the private enterprise develops rapidly The joint stock system transformation step speeds up and so on Distributes from the area looked take Zhujiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast coastal area development quickly to mid west area south development quickly to north At present develops quickest the mold produces the most centralized province is Guangdong and Zhejiang places such as Jiangsu Shanghai Anhui and Shandong also has a bigger development in recent years Although our country mold total quantity had at present achieved the suitable scale the mold level also has the very big enhancement after but design manufacture horizontal overall rise and fall industry developed country and so on Yu De America date France Italy many The current existence question and the disparity mainly display in following several aspects 1 The total quantity falls short of demand Domestic mold assembling oneself rate only about 70 Low grade mold center upscale mold assembling oneself rate only has 50 about 2 The enterprise organizational structure the product structure the technical structure and the import and export structure does not gather Iin our country mold production factory to be most is from the labor mold workshop which produces assembles oneself branch factory from produces assembles oneself the proportion to reach as high as about 60 but the overseas mold ultra 70 is the commodity mold The specialized mold factory mostly is large and complete small and entire organization form but overseas mostly is small but is specially small and fine Domestic large scale precise complex the long life mold accounts for the total quantity proportion to be insufficient 30 but overseas in 50 above 2004 years ratio of the mold import and export is 3 7 1 the import and export balances the after net import volume to amount to 1 32 billion US dollars is world mold net import quantity biggest country 3 The mold product level greatly is lower than the international standard The production cycle actually is higher than the international water broad product level low mainly to display in the mold precision cavity aspect and so on surface roughness life and structure 4 Develops the ability badly economic efficiency unsatisfactory our country mold enterprise technical personnel proportion low The level is lower also does not take the product development frequently is in the passive position in the market Our country each mold staff average year creation output value approximately ten thousand US dollars overseas mold industry developed country mostly 15 to10 000 US dollars some reach as high as 25 to10 000 US dollars relative is our country quite part of molds enterprises also continues to use the workshop type management with it truly realizes the enterprise which the modernized enterprise manages few To create the above disparity the reason to be very many the mold long term has not obtained the value besides the history in as the product which should have as well as the most state owned enterprises mechanism cannot adapt the market economy but also has the following several reasons 1 Country to mold industry policy support dynamics also insufficiently Although the country already was clear about has promulgated the mold profession industrial policy but necessary policy few carried out dynamics to be weak At present enjoyed the mold product increment duty enterprise nation 185 the maj