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重 點 單 詞,Module 4 Music Born in America,1．emerge v．出來，出現(xiàn)；顯露，暴露 The moon emerged from behind the clouds. 月亮從云層后露出。 He emerged as leader at the age of thirty. 他三十歲時初露鋒芒擔(dān)任了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。 The facts behind the scandal are sure to emerge eventually. 丑聞背后的真相最終一定會水落石出。[劍橋高階],【知識拓展】 (1)emergence n．浮現(xiàn)；露出；(植物)突出體；出現(xiàn) emergency n．緊急情況，突然事件，非常時刻 (2)emerge from從……中產(chǎn)生(暴露)出來 It emerges that.……暴露/顯現(xiàn) an emergency exit太平門，應(yīng)急出口 an emergency act緊急法令 an emergency airport應(yīng)急機場,即景活用,翻譯句子 ①游泳者從湖中浮出來。 The swimmer emerged from the lake. ②我們來到明媚的陽光下。 We emerged into bright sunlight.,,,③事已清楚，這家公司準(zhǔn)備出售。 It emerged that the company was going to be sold. ④他已初露頭角，成為這次運動的主要人物。 He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.,,,2.decline v．&n.衰退，下降，減少；謝絕，拒絕 The city fell into decline after the mine was closed. 這個城市在礦井關(guān)閉后開始衰退。 The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year. 去年到這個勝地旅游的人數(shù)減少了10%。 I invited him to the meeting but he declined. 我邀請他參加那次會議，但他謝絕了。[劍橋高階] Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations. 他們的發(fā)言人拒絕對這些指控加以評論。,【知識拓展】 fall into(a)decline開始衰退 be in decline處于下降，衰退中 on the decline在下坡路上；在衰退(減少) decline by下降了…… decline to do sth.拒絕干某事 【輕巧辨析】 decline/refuse/reject decline作“拒絕”之意時，常指有禮貌地回絕，婉言謝絕， 其主語只能是人。 refuse語氣比decline重，主語可以是人也可以是物。 reject比refuse語氣更重，意為“拋棄，拒收，不采納”。,即景活用,⑤Now the two countries are becoming closer and economic and cultural exchanges between them are on the ________. A．increase B．decline C．a(chǎn)ddition D．improve 解析：on the increase“在上升”；on the decline“在下降”，根據(jù)全 句意思選A。 答案：A 3．vain adj.自負(fù)的，自視過高的；徒勞的，無效的；不成功的 All the police’s efforts to find him were in vain. 警方竭力想要找到他，但所有努力終是徒勞。[劍橋高階] He was very vain about his hair and his clothes. 他很虛榮，在發(fā)型和衣著方面非常講究。[劍橋高階] It was vain to pretend to himself that he was not disappointed. 他沒辦法欺騙自己說不覺得失望。[劍橋高階],【思維拓展】 in vain徒勞 vain attempt/hope/effort徒勞的嘗試/希望/努力 be vain of sth.對……感到自負(fù),即景活用,⑥It is ________to cast your net where there is no fish. A．in return B．in vain C．in case D．in favor of 解析：句意：“在根本沒魚的地方撒網(wǎng)徒勞無功”。考查動詞不定 式to cast your net.作真正主語，而it是形式主語，in vain“徒勞”習(xí) 語作表語，故答案是B。 答案：B,4.quit v．離開，離去；停止，戒掉；遷出 Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money? 假如繼承了一大筆錢，你會辭掉工作嗎？[劍橋高階] Press Q to quit the program.退出該程序請按Q。[劍橋高階] I’ve quit smoking.我戒了煙。 The landlord gave them all notice to quit. 房東通知他們都搬出去。 【知識拓展】 quit one’s hometown離開家鄉(xiāng) quit hold of撒手放開 quit love with hate以怨報德，恩將仇報 be quit of擺脫，脫離，免除 quit doing sth.停止做某事,【輕巧辨析】 quit/abandon/desert 都含有“放棄”“遺棄”的意思。 (1)quit強調(diào)“突然地棄去”，常指“停止”，如： She quitted her job. 她放棄了自己的工作。 (2)abandon強調(diào)“完全、永遠地遺棄”，尤其是指遺棄以前感興 趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物，如： She abandoned her child.她遺棄了她的孩子。 (3)desert強調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”，如： The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那個士兵叛國助敵。,即景活用,翻譯句子 ⑦魯迅棄醫(yī)從文。 Lu Xun abandoned medicine for literature. ⑧他放棄了這個計劃。 He abandoned the plan. ⑨他們打算潛入海洋去看那只被遺棄的沉船。 They’re going to dive into the sea to see the abandoned sunken ship.,經(jīng) 典 短 語,1．take advantage of利用 I thought I’d take advantage of the sports facilities while I’m here. 我想趁我在這兒期間，要好好利用一下這里的體育設(shè)施。[劍橋高階] She took advantage of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms. 她趁孩子們不在時收拾了他們的房間。,,,,She advised him to take advantage of the opportunity. 她建議他利用這個機會。 【思維拓展】 have an advantage over比……有優(yōu)勢 have the advantage of有……的優(yōu)勢 to advantage有利地；有效地 to sb.’s advantage/to the advantage of sb.對某人有利,即景活用,⑩He received much ________ from reading good novels，and his fluency in the English language gives him ________ the other candidates for the job. A．a(chǎn)dvantage；an advantage to B．benefit；an advantage over C．benefit；the benefit of D．a(chǎn)dvantage；a benefit to,解析：句意為：他從閱讀好的小說中受到很大益處，他英語語言的流 利使他在這項工作上優(yōu)于其它的應(yīng)聘者。 答案：B 2．before long不久，不久以后 I’ll see the film before long.我不久就要看這部電影。 They’ll be home before very long.他們很快就要到家了。[劍橋高階] 【輕巧辨析】 before long/long before before long是“很快”，“不久”的意思，可以用于各種時態(tài)。 long before是“很久以前”的意思，單獨使用，一般用在過去完成時的 句子里。由于before可以作介詞，也可以作連詞，因為它的后面可以跟 句子，也可以不跟句子。而before long一定不能跟句子。long before還 可以構(gòu)成一個句子。 It is/was＋(not)＋long before.過不久或很長時間就發(fā)生某事,即景活用,?________，he was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons. A．Before long B．Long before C．Long ago D．Ago long 解析：before long表示“不久以前”。 答案：A 3．rather than而不是 He’s my sister’s friend really，rather than mine. 確切地說，他是我妹妹的朋友，而不是我的。[劍橋高階] She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜歡唱歌而不喜歡跳舞。 I prefer to go there on foot rather than take a bus. 我寧愿步行去而不愿坐車去。,or rather與其說……不如說……；更確切地說 other than除……之外，常用于否定句中 【用法指津】 (1)rather than連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與rather than前面的詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 (2)would rather后跟that從句時，從句中謂語動詞應(yīng)為虛擬語氣，即 一般過去時或過去完成時。,即景活用,?Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings ________ harm them. A．more than B．rather than C．other than D．better than 解析：more than“多于”；rather than“而不是”；other than“除 了”；better than“好于，優(yōu)于”。 答案：B,重 要 句 型,As well as attracting huge audiences in its Hong Kong home，Cantopop has spread offshore，and its stars are known in Beijing，London and New York.粵語流行音樂不僅僅吸引了香港本地的大量聽眾，而且傳到 海外的其他國家，香港的歌星在北京、倫敦和紐約都很有名。,They own a house in Jinan as well as a villa in Qingdao. 他們在濟南有一棟房子，在青島也有一座別墅。 She is lively as well as healthy.她既健康又活潑。 Tom，as well as his parents，often goes to the park. 湯姆經(jīng)常和他的父母一起去公園。 as well as用于肯定句中，起連接作用，意為“既……又……，不僅 ……而且……”。 (1)as well as作“和，同”講，具有連詞性質(zhì)，常用來連接兩個并列成 分。如果連接兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)與as well as之前的主 語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，若連接兩個動詞，第二個as后常用動名詞 形式。 (2)在表達“不但……而且……”之意時，as well as側(cè)重前者，而not only.but also.側(cè)重后者。連接并列主語時，not only.but also.按照就 近原則確定謂語動詞的形式。,即景活用,?The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis，as well as________them with financial support. A．provide B．provided C．providing D．provides 解析：句意：“組織鼓勵其成員要定期聚會，同時給他們提供經(jīng)濟支 助?！笨疾閍s well as連接并列謂語動詞，故答案選D。 答案：D,高 考 經(jīng) 典 解 讀,【例1】 —Hey，you haven’t been acting like yourself.Everything OK? —________.(2009·浙江，1) A．I’m fine，thanks B．Sure，it is C．That’s good D．It’s OK,【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 對方詢問自己的近況如何，應(yīng)回答“不錯，謝謝”。 答案：A,教材原文對照,（ ）sorry!（ ）couldn’t hear you! I’m sorry!I couldn’t hear you! (P50),【例2】 She had just finished her homework ________ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. (2009·福建，33) A．when B．while C．a(chǎn)fter D．since 【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 句意：昨天她剛做完作業(yè)，她媽就讓她練鋼琴。 when在本句中作并列連詞，意為：and at that time。 答案：A,教材原文對照,The moment I heard it,I knew it was a completely new kind of music. (P45),語言學(xué)習(xí) 該類文章主要包括語言的發(fā)展過程、英語和美語的差異、語言和文化、語言學(xué)習(xí)難點、特殊的語言現(xiàn)象、語言學(xué)習(xí)方法等，常以說明文形式出現(xiàn)。文章通常句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，有時內(nèi)容生澀難懂，故在讀時分清主次，理清段落關(guān)系是極其重要的。,【典例】 The Japanese Ministry of Education，Culture，Sports，Science and Technology recently released a draft revision of curriculum guidelines for high school，stating that English classes will be taught primarily in English，the Japan Times has reported.,Under the draft guidelines，English teaching will focus more on speaking and listening，aiming at moving away from grammar and translation oriented teaching methods.①The number of English words to be taught in high school will be increased to 1,800 from the current 1,300，bringing the total vocabulary learned in high school and junior high school to 3,000 words.The words will provide students with a vocabulary needed to communicate with people abroad and the level of the vocabulary will match that taught in China and South Korea.② The draft guidelines demand that English classes should be used as a place for real English communication，indicating for the first time a policy of teaching high school English classes in English .The ministry explained that “teachers should first display an attitude of actively using English themselves” in order to boost English conversation ability.Complicated explanations such as those about grammar may still be provided in Japanese.,However，concerns have been raised over large differences in both teachers’ English ability and students’ level of understanding. “This could embarrass particularly older teachers who know grammar well but are not very good at conversation，” one teacher said. “To tell the truth，I’m not confident enough to do everything in English.Will we be allowed to under go training？” another asked.Educators are also worried that students who feel they aren’t good at English may turn away from the subject. The ministry will accept opinions from the public on the changes before finalizing the new guidelines for announcement by next March. The new guidelines are expected to take effect for students entering high school in the academic year starting in April,2013.,【注】 ①句中的oriented意為“導(dǎo)向的”。句意為“在方針草案的指導(dǎo)下，英語教學(xué)將更多地關(guān)注聽和說，目的是改變以語法和翻譯為導(dǎo)向的教學(xué)方法”。 ②本句為and引導(dǎo)的并列句。provide.with.意思是“給……提供……”；第二個分句中that指代the level，taught in China and South Korea作定語，修飾that，即“單詞的數(shù)量將與中國和韓國所教的相當(dāng)”。 學(xué)海浪花 1.boost v．增加，提高，促進 2.take effect開始起作用，開始生效 學(xué)海導(dǎo)航：日本政府為了提高日本高中學(xué)生的英語水平，計劃對高中的英語教學(xué)進行改革，由傳統(tǒng)的語法和翻譯教學(xué)向突出實踐和交際能力的教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變，加強聽說，擴大詞匯量。,1.What does this passage mainly want to tell us？ A.The Japanese government is trying to reform English teaching. B.The Japanese students will have to only use English in their classes. C.English is becoming more and more important in Japan. D.English will be used as an official language in Japan. 解析：主旨大意題。本篇文章主要講的是：日本政府準(zhǔn)備改革英語 課堂教學(xué)以適應(yīng)社會發(fā)展的新要求，故選A項。B項說得太絕對；C 項不是本文的主題；文中未提及把英語作為日本的官方語言，故D 項錯誤。 答案：A,2.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage？ A.English classes in Japan are now facing a shake-up. B.It is demanded that high school English classes should be taught mainly in English in the future. C.Japanese can only be used in explaining complicated English grammar. D.The new guiding principles are expected to come into effect in April,2013. 解析：細節(jié)判斷題。面對改革，日本的英語課堂教學(xué)將面臨重新組合， 故A正確；由第一段可知B項正確；文章最后提到這個新的指導(dǎo)方針將 于2013年生效，故D項也是正確的。第三段最后一句話說只有講解語法 等比較復(fù)雜的知識時，才用日語，并不是日語只能用于講解復(fù)雜的英 語語法，故C項內(nèi)容錯誤，故答案是C。 答案：C,3.What are the differences between English classes under the draft guidelines and those present？ A.Under the draft guidelines more words are required to be learned. B.More real English communication can be seen than nowadays. C.Now grammar and translation are being paid less attention to. D.All these above. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。這里是比較draft guidelines提倡的英語課和目前的 英語課的差異。由第二段可知draft guidelines里面對詞匯量的要求提高 了；第三段第一句話告訴我們在英語教學(xué)中將更多使用英語口語交 際；第二段第一句話提到改變現(xiàn)在的以語法和翻譯為導(dǎo)向的教學(xué)模 式，故A、B、C三項都是正確的，故答案為D。 答案：D,4.What is the total number of vocabulary required in high school and junior high school at present？ A.1,800. B．3,100. C．2,500. D．1,700. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句話可知在draft guidelines中高中的單 詞量比原來增加了500個，使高、初中的單詞總量達到3 000個，即現(xiàn)階 段的單詞量要求應(yīng)為2 500個，故答案為C。 答案：C 5.From what the teachers said in the fourth paragraph we can see that ______. A.some teachers are not sure about what the new guidelines will bring about. B.students will not like English any more. C.old teachers’ English ability will satisfy the new demand. D.some teachers will lose their jobs.,解析：推理判斷題。本段提到人們對教師能力以及學(xué)生理解水平差異的擔(dān)憂，這些老師的話表明他們對新的改革措施心存疑慮，對能否適應(yīng)新要求以及由此引發(fā)的問題感到?jīng)]有把握，故A項正確。本段最后說部分英語不好的學(xué)生可能會放棄，并不能說學(xué)生們都不再喜歡英語了，故B錯誤；在新的指導(dǎo)方針下，尤其是老教師會對自己的英語能力不自信，所以C項不恰當(dāng)；從文章內(nèi)容來看，我們也沒有足夠的根據(jù)來推出一些老師會失業(yè)，故D項也是錯誤的。 答案：A,點擊此處進入 能力闖關(guān),同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,